without的用法关于without的短语词组

without的用法：1、接在not、never等否定副词后，表示强调与肯定。2、表示否定，意为“没有”、“不需要” 。3、表示条件，意为“若无”、“若非” 。4、与动名词形式连用，表示“不”、“无” 。5、后接复合宾语，常用结构有：without+宾语+过去分词、without+宾语+不定式等。

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一、without的基本用法
1.(用在no,not,never等否定副词之后,强调肯定)没有……不,没有……则不能……,每……必定…….如：
You can't get rich without taking risks.人不冒险不富.
The old man cannot walk without a stick.那位老先生离开手杖就走不了路.
Don't go out without a coat:you'll catch your death.别不穿外套出去,会得重感冒的.
2.(表否定)没有,无,不需.如：
The letter was posted without a stamp.那封信没贴邮票就寄出去了.
We got there without any trouble.我们到了那儿,一路上没遇到任何麻烦.
You'll get wet if you go out in the rain without an umbrella.雨天外出不带伞会淋湿的.
3.(表条件)若无,若非.如：
I don't like to go to a country without knowing something of the language.我要是不懂得一点那个国家的语言,就不想到那个国家去.
Without water,we cannot live.没有水,我们就活不了.
Can you see without your glasses?你不戴眼镜能看得清东西吗?
4.(与-ing形式连用)不,无,没.如：
She entered the room without knocking.她没敲门就进了房间.
They had to stand for hours without changing position.他们得一动不动地站几个小时.
It wasn't very polite of you to serve yourself without asking.你也不问一声就自己吃起来是不太礼貌的.

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二、without作表语的用法
without引出的介词短语通常用作状语,但有时也可用作表语.如：
【without的用法关于without的短语词组】She is completely without shame.她恬不知耻.
My investigations were without result.我的调查毫无结果.
三、without后接复合宾语的用法
without后接复合宾语的常用结构如下：
1.without+宾语+介词短语
We'd be better off without them as neighbors.要是没有这些邻居,我们就过得更愉快了.
I don't like sweet coffee; I like it better without sugar in it.我不喜欢加糖的咖啡,里边不加糖我更喜欢.
2.without+宾语+副词
I'd be lost without you here.没有你在这儿,我会一筹莫展.
I'm very near-sighted without my glasses on.我要是不戴眼镜十分近视.
3.without+宾语+动名词
Without anyone noticing,he slipped through the window.无人注意,他从窗户溜了出去.
They debated for hours without a decision being taken.他们争论了几个小时,也没作出决定.
4.without+宾语+过去分词
Without another word exchanged,they started off.没有再交谈一句,他们就出发了.
5.without+宾语+不定式
Without anyone to help,how can we go on?没有人帮忙,我们怎么能进行下去?
It was boring to sit there without anything to do.无所事事地坐在那里太无聊了.