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100%;line-height: 32px;color: rgb(84, 84, 84);font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;} .bizsvr_0293 {max-width: 100%;color: rgb(84, 84, 84);font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;} .bizsvr_0294 {max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;text-align: left;word-wrap: break-word !important;} .bizsvr_0299 {max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;text-align: center;word-wrap: break-word !important;} .bizsvr_0300 {max-width: 100%;text-align: center;font-family: 微软雅黑;text-indent: 80px;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;} .bizsvr_0301 {max-width: 100%;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;} .bizsvr_0302 {margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;text-align: center;word-wrap: break-word !important;} .bizsvr_0303 {margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;letter-spacing: 2px;font-size: 16px;font-family: 微软雅黑;line-height: 25.6px;text-align: center;word-wrap: break-word !important;} .bizsvr_0305 {margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;font-size: 16px;font-family: 微软雅黑;text-align: center;letter-spacing: 2px;line-height: 1.75em;word-wrap: break-word !important;} .bizsvr_0306 {max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;} .bizsvr_0308 {max-width: 100%;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);background-color: rgb(255, 41, 65);box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;}30岁的王女士在一家外企上班,平时身体健康,没有任何症状,但备孕了半年就是没怀上,去检查,医生告诉她之所以怀孕困难是因为她的甲状腺功能减低导致的 。甲状腺功能下降也会引起不孕吗?
据统计,约有2.5%的孕妇存在甲减,处于“亚临床甲减”的则高达6%以上,而亚临床的甲减因为处于健康与疾病之间,往往自身没有症状,容易被忽视,导致问题加重 。那咱们今天就具体说说甲减到底是怎么回事!
什么是甲减?
简单说就是甲状腺激素合成和分泌过少导致机体代谢活动降低
甲减的小伙伴往往怕冷、言语不清、表情淡漠、疲乏无力、唇厚舌大、食欲减退,腹胀便秘、心动过缓、记忆力减退及性欲减退等等 。
孕妇甲减会直接影响胎儿神经系统的正常发育,导致胎儿智力发育障碍,出生后智力水平低下,如呆小症 。
一般来说,女性甲减较男性多见,20~40岁育龄期女性甲减的发病率约为2%~4%,尤其在40岁以上的女性中更为常见,且随年龄增加患病率上升 。有研究发现,不孕症患者中甲减的患病率显著地升高 。
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甲减对怀孕有什么影响?
1. 引起不孕
甲减的菇凉们往往容易出现月经不调、月经量多或闭经、排卵障碍及卵巢萎缩等 。
男性小伙伴则容易出现精子数量减少,形态异常,精子活力降低的情况 。另外甲减导致的性欲减退,对性生活不满意等,也是间接引起不孕的原因 。
2. 殃及胎儿
产妇在妊娠期出现甲减会导致胎儿发生流产、早产、胎儿生长迟缓、胎儿畸形等情况 。即使能够顺利生下宝宝,也容易发生先天性甲状腺肿或呆小症及其它先天性畸形 。
所以应及早发现孕前或孕期的甲减,及时治疗,提高受孕能力,保证胎儿的正常生长发育 。
甲减的菇凉要如何备孕?
查“甲功”应成为女性备孕的一项不可或缺的内容,而且要在孕前3个月做 。一般甲减不严重,不影响咱们怀孕,只要将甲状腺激素控制在正常水平就可以了 。
孕前使TSH促甲状腺素控制在2.5以下可保证母体对胎儿大脑发育对甲状腺激素的需要 。一旦确定怀孕,要及时到医院复查甲功、调整药物用量 。
确实如此,补碘也是有科学依据的,不能胡乱补充碘剂 。甲减患者可适量摄碘,但要避免碘过少或过多 。如果是桥本甲状腺炎(慢性淋巴细胞性甲状腺炎)引起的甲减,就不宜摄碘过多 。
甲减患者要如何补充营养?
刚刚我们说到桥本甲状腺炎引起的甲减,我们是不能补太多碘的,但是如果你是缺碘引起的甲减,比如缺碘引起的大脖子病,那就另当别论了 。
一般咱们饮食的原则是适量补碘,低盐低脂,补足蛋白质、铁和维生素,少吃生冷食物,防止便秘 。当然,最好是慎吃致甲状腺肿的食物,比如卷心菜、白菜、油菜、木薯、核桃等,以免发生甲状腺肿大 。
如何避免甲减对备孕的影响?
1. 备孕时尤其是孕前三月,到医院进行甲状腺相关的检查 。
2. 很多甲减是因为手术切除或者碘131治疗甲亢的时候引起的,因此,医生在手术的时候一定要留足甲状腺组织和更专业更正确的使用碘131的剂量,以免造成二次伤害 。
3. 常规体检的时候最好查一下甲状腺功能,尤其是孕期妇女、备孕妇女、不孕症及排卵功能异常者,有甲状腺疾病家族史及个人史,症状或体检提示有甲状腺结节或甲减,1型糖尿病或自身免疫功能异常者 。
4. 预防先天性呆小病及缺碘性甲状腺肿 。
【身体健康就是怀不上,这是什么原因?】 据统计,我国缺碘性甲状腺肿高发地区供应足够的碘化物后,地方性呆小病的发病率显著下降 。
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